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DESCRIPTION
Each mL of Klaron® (sodium sulfacetamide lotion) Lotion, 10% contains 100 mg of sodium sulfacetamide in a vehicle consisting of edetic acid, hydroxyethyl cellulose, lauramide DEA, methylparaben, PEG-400 monolaurate, propylene glycol, purified water, silicone emulsion, sodium chloride, sodium metabisulfite, and xanthan gum.
Sodium sulfacetamide is a sulfonamide with antibacterial activity. Chemically, sodium sulfacetamide is N’ -[(4-amino phenyl) sulfonyl] - acetamide, monosodium salt, monohydrate. The structural formula is:
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CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
The most widely accepted mechanism of action of sulfonamides is the Woods-Fildes theory, based on sulfonamides acting as a competitive inhibitor of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) utilization, an essential component for bacterial growth. While absorption through intact skin in humans has not been determined, in vitro studies with human cadaver skin indicated a percutaneous absorption of about 4%. Sodium sulfacetamide is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract when taken orally and excreted in the urine largely unchanged. The biological half-life has been reported to be between 7 to 13 hours.
The pharmacokinetics of sulfacetamide and its major metabolite sulfaniliamide in Klaron Lotion was evaluated in adult subjects (N=14) with acne vulgaris. The subjects applied Klaron Lotion to their face, back, chest, and shoulders every 12 hours for 28 days. The percentage of the applied dose of Klaron Lotion excreted in the urine as sulfacetamide plus sulfanilamide ranged from 0.08 to 0.33%.
- INDICATIONS
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CONTRAINDICATIONS
Klaron Lotion is contraindicated for use by patients having known hypersensitivity to sulfonamides or any other component of this preparation (see WARNINGS).
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WARNINGS
Fatalities have occurred, although rarely, due to severe reactions to sulfonamides including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, fulminant hepatic necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, and other blood dyscrasias. Hypersensitivity reactions may occur when a sulfonamide is readministered, irrespective of the route of administration. Sensitivity reactions have been reported in individuals with no prior history of sulfonamide hypersensitivity. At the first sign of hypersensitivity, skin rash, or other reactions, discontinue use of this preparation (see ADVERSE REACTIONS).
Klaron Lotion contains sodium metabisulfite, a sulfite that may cause allergic-type reactions including anaphylactic symptoms and life-threatening or less severe asthmatic episodes in certain susceptible people. The overall prevalence of sulfite sensitivity in the general population is unknown and probably low. Sulfite sensitivity is seen more frequently in asthmatic than in non-asthmatic people (see CONTRAINDICATIONS).
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PRECAUTIONS
General
For external use only. Keep away from eyes. If irritation develops, use of the product should be discontinued and appropriate therapy instituted. Patients should be carefully observed for possible local irritation or sensitization during long-term therapy. Hypersensitivity reactions may occur when a sulfonamide is readministered irrespective of the route of administration, and cross-sensitivity between different sulfonamides may occur. Sodium sulfacetamide can cause reddening and scaling of the skin. Particular caution should be employed if areas of involved skin to be treated are denuded or abraded.
Keep out of reach of children.
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
Long-term studies in animals have not been performed to evaluate carcinogenic potential.
Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with Klaron Lotion. It is also not known whether Klaron Lotion can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. Klaron Lotion should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.
Kernicterus may occur in the newborn as a result of treatment of a pregnant woman at term with orally administered sulfonamide. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of Klaron Lotion in pregnant women, and it is not known whether topically applied sulfonamides can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman.
Nursing Mothers
It is not known whether sodium sulfacetamide is excreted in human milk following topical use of Klaron Lotion. Systemically administered sulfonamides are capable of producing kernicterus in the infants of lactating women. Small amounts of orally administered sulfonamides have been reported to be eliminated in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised in prescribing for nursing women.
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ADVERSE REACTIONS
In controlled clinical trials for the management of acne vulgaris, the occurrence of adverse reactions associated with the use of Klaron Lotion was infrequent and restricted to local events. The total incidence of adverse reactions reported in these studies was less than 2%. Only one of 105 patients treated with Klaron Lotion had adverse reactions of erythema, itching, and edema. It has been reported that sodium sulfacetamide may cause local irritation, stinging, and burning. While the irritation may be transient, occasionally the use of medication has to be discontinued.
To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Bausch Health US, LLC at 1-800-321-4576 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
- DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
- HOW SUPPLIED
- SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION
- PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 118 mL Bottle Carton
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INGREDIENTS AND APPEARANCE
KLARON
sulfacetamide sodium lotionProduct Information Product Type HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG Item Code (Source) NDC:0187-5198 Route of Administration TOPICAL Active Ingredient/Active Moiety Ingredient Name Basis of Strength Strength sulfacetamide sodium (UNII: 4NRT660KJQ) (sulfacetamide - UNII:4965G3J0F5) sulfacetamide sodium 100 mg in 1 mL Inactive Ingredients Ingredient Name Strength EDETIC ACID (UNII: 9G34HU7RV0) HYDROXYETHYL CELLULOSE (2000 MPA.S AT 1%) (UNII: S38J6RZN16) LAURIC DIETHANOLAMIDE (UNII: I29I2VHG38) methylparaben (UNII: A2I8C7HI9T) water (UNII: 059QF0KO0R) sodium chloride (UNII: 451W47IQ8X) sodium metabisulfite (UNII: 4VON5FNS3C) xanthan gum (UNII: TTV12P4NEE) PEG-8 LAURATE (UNII: 762O8IWA10) PROPYLENE GLYCOL (UNII: 6DC9Q167V3) Packaging # Item Code Package Description Marketing Start Date Marketing End Date 1 NDC:0187-5198-04 1 in 1 CARTON 12/23/1996 1 118 mL in 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC; Type 0: Not a Combination Product Marketing Information Marketing Category Application Number or Monograph Citation Marketing Start Date Marketing End Date NDA NDA019931 12/23/1996 Labeler - Bausch Health US, LLC (831922468) Establishment Name Address ID/FEI Business Operations Bausch Health Companies Inc 245141858 MANUFACTURE(0187-5198) , PACK(0187-5198) , LABEL(0187-5198)
