Unithroid: Uses, Dosage, Demographic, Side Effects, Interactions and Generic Options Introduction Unithroid, also known as levothyroxine, is a medication used to treat hypothyroidism, also known as an underactive thyroid gland. The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism, and when it doesn't produce enough, hypothyroidism occurs. Unithroid is a synthetic thyroid hormone supplement and it is used to replace the hormones that the thyroid gland is not producing. Uses Unithroid is indicated for the treatment of hypothyroidism, however, it is also used in the management of goiter (an enlargement of the thyroid gland) and in the treatment of thyroid cancer. Unithroid can be used as a replacement therapy in patients whose hypothyroidism is caused by thyroid removal, radiation therapy or iodine deficiency. It is important to note that Unithroid is not a cure for hypothyroidism but rather a treatment that will help regulate thyroid hormone levels. Dosage Unithroid doses should be individualized based on patient factors including age, gender, weight and the severity of hypothyroidism. Unithroid doses may need to be adjusted periodically based on changes in TSH levels. The initial dose is typically 25-50 mcg per day and can increase by 25-50 mcg increments every 6 to 8 weeks until the desired response is achieved. The maintenance dose is then established within the range of 100 to 200 mcg per day. Demographic Unithroid is commonly prescribed to women, particularly those over the age of 60. The prevalence of hypothyroidism is higher in women than men and increases with age. Additionally, Unithroid is generally safe for use during pregnancy and is often prescribed to pregnant women with hypothyroidism. Elderly patients and those with cardiac comorbidities are at an increased risk for developing adverse reactions to Unithroid. Side Effects Unithroid can have both dose-related and idiosyncratic side effects. The most common side effect is related to excess thyroid hormone levels and can include signs of hyperthyroidism such as weight loss, palpitations, and anxiety. Other common side effects can include insomnia, irritability, muscle weakness, menstrual irregularities, and hair loss. In rare cases, Unithroid use can result in allergic reactions, chest pain, rapid heartbeat, and shortness of breath. Patients should report any unusual symptoms to their healthcare provider. Interactions Unithroid can interact with other medications. Patients should inform their healthcare providers of all medications, supplements and herbal remedies they are taking. A few medications that can interact with Unithroid include antacids, calcium supplements, iron supplements, and cholesterol-lowering drugs. Unithroid can impact the absorption of these drugs, leading to reduced efficacy. Generic Options Unithroid is the brand name of levothyroxine, however, there are also several generic options available. Generics are generally less expensive than brand name medications, making them a cost-effective alternative. The generic versions of levothyroxine may differ in their formulation from the brand name Unithroid. Patients who are switched from brand name to a generic or vice versa may need to have their doses adjusted. Conclusion Unithroid is an important medication in the management of hypothyroidism. It can help regulate thyroid hormone levels and alleviate symptoms associated with an underactive thyroid gland. However, patients need to be vigilant about managing their medication because it can interact with other drugs and cause side effects. Patients who experience unusual symptoms or have concerns about their medication should contact their healthcare provider.